Diferensya entre trocamientos de "Holodomor"

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* {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Polonia]]<ref>[http://www.senat.gov.pl/K6/dok/dr/050/a/090s.pdf Resolution of the Sejm of Poland (n.º 90 S)], Sejm (Parliament) of the Republic of Poland, 17 de marso de 2006.</ref><ref>[http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/printable_article?art_id=31669944 Polish Senate stands up for recognition of famine in Ukraine as genocide act], Web-portal of the Ukrainian Government, 17 de marso de 2006.</ref><ref>[http://www.unian.net/news/print.php?id=175953 Polish parliament blames Soviet regime for Ukraine Great Famine], UNIAN News Agency, 7 de disiembre de 2006.</ref><ref name="loi canad.19"/>
* {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Polonia]]<ref>[http://www.senat.gov.pl/K6/dok/dr/050/a/090s.pdf Resolution of the Sejm of Poland (n.º 90 S)], Sejm (Parliament) of the Republic of Poland, 17 de marso de 2006.</ref><ref>[http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/printable_article?art_id=31669944 Polish Senate stands up for recognition of famine in Ukraine as genocide act], Web-portal of the Ukrainian Government, 17 de marso de 2006.</ref><ref>[http://www.unian.net/news/print.php?id=175953 Polish parliament blames Soviet regime for Ukraine Great Famine], UNIAN News Agency, 7 de disiembre de 2006.</ref><ref name="loi canad.19"/>
* {{flagicon|the_Vatican_City}} [[Sivdad del Vatikano]]<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/2001/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20010623_ucraina-meeting_po.html Meeting of the Holy Father with representatives of World Politics, Culture, Science and Industry], Official Site of the Holy See, 23 de djunio de 2001.</ref><ref>[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/2003/december/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20031204_holodomor-ucraina_po.html Message of Pope John Paul II], Official Site of the Holy See, 23 de noviembre de 2003.</ref>
* {{flagicon|the_Vatican_City}} [[Sivdad del Vatikano]]<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/2001/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20010623_ucraina-meeting_po.html Meeting of the Holy Father with representatives of World Politics, Culture, Science and Industry], Official Site of the Holy See, 23 de djunio de 2001.</ref><ref>[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/2003/december/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20031204_holodomor-ucraina_po.html Message of Pope John Paul II], Official Site of the Holy See, 23 de noviembre de 2003.</ref>
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukraina]]<ref>[http://www.artukraine.com/famineart/fam_resol.htm P. U. Declares the 1932-1933 Famine "An Act of Genocide" and a "Deliberate Terrorist Act of the Stalinist Political System"], Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) declares the famine of 1932-1933 "an act of genocide" (Holodomor), 19 de mayo de 2003.</ref><ref>[http://eng.maidanua.org/node/648 Verkhovna Rada passes Law declaring Holodomor genocide], maidan.org.ua, Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) adopts a law declaring the Holodomor as genocide, 28 de noviembre de 2003.</ref><ref>[http://www.ukrweekly.com/Archive/2006/490601.shtml Rada passes bill recognizing the Holodomor as genocide], The Ukrainian Weekly, by Zenon Zawada, No. 49, Vol. LXXIV, 3 de disiembre de 2006.</ref><ref>[http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/data/1_14470.html President proposes Holodomor bill], Official Site of the President of Ukraine, 23 de marso de 2007.</ref>
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukraina]]<ref>[http://www.artukraine.com/famineart/fam_resol.htm P. U. Declares the 1932-1933 Famine "An Act of Genocide" and a "Deliberate Terrorist Act of the Stalinist Political System"], Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) declares the famine of 1932-1933 "an act of genocide" (Holodomor), 19 de mayo de 2003.</ref><ref>[http://eng.maidanua.org/node/648 Verkhovna Rada passes Law declaring Holodomor genocide], maidan.org.ua, Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) adopts a law declaring the Holodomor as genocide, 28 de noviembre de 2003.</ref><ref>[http://www.ukrweekly.com/Archive/2006/490601.shtml Rada passes bill recognizing the Holodomor as genocide], The Ukrainian Weekly, by Zenon Zawada, No. 49, Vol. LXXIV, 3 de disiembre de 2006.</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20070328081937/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/data/1_14470.html President proposes Holodomor bill], Official Site of the President of Ukraine, 23 de marso de 2007.</ref>
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Enderechamiento de 16 ago 2014 a las 20:33 la ora

Leonid Denysenko, Why!?

Holodomor o Golodomor (en ukrainio: Голодомор, 'matar de ambre'), tambien yamado Jenosidio ukrainiano u Olokosto ukrainiano, es el nombre atribuido a la ambre provokada por el regimen estalinista de Stalin, ke asolo el territorio de la Repuvlika Sosyalista Sovyetika de Ukraina en Union Sovyetika, durante los anyos de 1932-1933, en la kual murieron de ambre entre 7 i 10 milyones de personas.[1][2][3]

Etimolojiya

Viktima del Holodomor en una kaye de la sivdad ukrainiana de Harkiv en 1933.

La palavra Holodomor proviene del ukrainio, i signifika ambre. El termino fue utilizado por primera vez por el eskritor nasionalista i antisovyetiko Oleksa Musienko en un reportaje presentado a la Union de Eskritores Ukrainios de Kiev en 1988. Este akontesimiento se konmemora el kuarto sabado del mes de noviembre, tanto en Ukraina i en las komunidades ukrainianas de todo el mundo.

Kausas

Tras la yegada al poder de Stalin en 1924 se inisio una profunda sovyetizasion de Ukraina. Se yevo a kabo la kolektivizasion de las eksplotasiones ukrainianas, afektando a un 80% de la poblasion de Ukraina payiz primordialmente agrikola, rekvisando la ganaderia i las tierras privadas. Serka de 10 milyones de personas fueron desposeidas de sus hogares i deportadas a Siberia en kondisiones penosas donde peresieron aproksimadamente un tersio. Los kulaks los agrikultores i kampesinos poseedores de propiedades se rebelaron kontra las autoridades lokales sovyetikas i regresaron a sus propiedades unidos por un sentimiento nasional. Las autoridades sovyetikas persibieron el nasionalismo ukrainiano komo una amenaza.

Jenosidio

Monumento en rekuerdo al Holodomor, en Calgary, Kanada.

Rapidamente fue enviado el Ejersito Rojo para ahogar la rebelion. Paralelamente la polisía sekreta inisio una kampanya de terror kon el objektivo de romper el animo de los kulaks. En 1929, se arrestaron a miles de intelektuales ukrainianos bajo falsos kargos siendo fusilados o enviados a kampos de trabajo (Gulag) en Siberia. En 1932, kolektivizadas forzosamente kasi en su totalidad todas las tierras de Ukraina, Stalin ordeno sistematikamente aumentos en las kuotas de produksion de komida. Se yevo akabo hasta el agotamiento de la komida en los graneros ukrainianos, la kosecha de trigo de 1933 se vendio en el merkado mundial a presios por debajo del merkado para agotarla, se kalkula ke la kosecha de 1933 podria haber alimentado durante 2 anyos a la poblasion de Ukraina, yamada el granero de Evropa.

Siendo kritika la situasion, el Partido Komunista de Ukraina solisito a Stalin la reduksion de las kuotas de komida, nuevamente se envio al Ejersito Rojo para reprender Partido Komunista de Ukraina. La polisia sekreta siguio siempre aterrorizando a la poblasion realizando inspeksiones aleatorias apropiandose de toda la komida encontrada, konsiderada propiedad del estado. El kastigo por robar variaba, desde la muerte al envio minimo de 10 anyos a un Gulag.

Rapidamente se gesto una ambre masiva i duradera. Milyones de personas murieron por inanision. Las sivdades estaban inundadas de miseria i ambre. Los perros, gatos, ranas o ratas pasaron a ser kodisiados i dramatikamente aparesieron kasos de kanibalismo.

Durante los peores momentos se kalkula ke morian unas 25.000 personas kada dia en Ukraina. El rekuento final se situa entre los 5 i los 8 milyones de personas. Desde los payizes de Evropa oksidental i Estatos Unitos d'Amerika los emigrantes ukrainianos respondieron enviando kargamentos de komida. La ayuda fue rekvisada por las autoridades sovyetikas. Los goviernos i la prensa oksidental ignoraron durante mucho tiempo los informes sobre las ambres ke periodikamente se eskapaban al kontrol sovyetiko.

Mapa de los payizes ke rekonosio el Holodomor komo jenosidio.

Negasionizmo del Holodomor

El negasionizmo del Holodomor signifika afirmar ke la "ambre artifisial" ukrainiana de 1932-1933 no eksistio. Esta negasion fue la postura tipika de la propaganda sovyetika, respaldada por periodistas i sirkulos oksidentales de izkierda.

Las autoridades sovyetikas -entre ellos, el presidente Mikhail Kalinin o el ministro de asuntos eksteriores Maksim Litvinov- negaron desde el primer momento el Holodomor, i mantuvieron esa aktitud hasta bien entrada la dekada de 1980. En esta misma linea se pronunsiaron numerosos periodistas de payizes oksidentales, komo Walter Duranty o Louis Fischer. La negasion del Holodomor se konvirtio en una eksitosa kampanya de desinformasion, orkestada desde el govierno sovyetiko. Stalin "había logrado lo imposible: silensiar kualkier konversasion sobre el ambre... Mientras morían milyones, la nasion entonaba las loas a la kolektivizasion", tal komo ekspreso el historiador i eskritor Edvard Radzinsky. Otro eksperto sobre el tema -Robert Conquest- afirmo ke fue el primer ensayo sovyetiko de las teknikas de propaganda nazi,[51] y ke luego aplikarian durante los prosesos de Mosku i el okultamiento del Gulag.[52]

Bibliografiya

Libros i artikulos

  • Robert Conquest, La grande terreur, précédé des "Sanglantes moissons: Les purges staliniennes des années 30", (1995) ISBN 2-221-06954-4
  • Georges Sokoloff, 1933, L'année noire - Témoignages sur la famine en Ukraine, ISBN 2-226-11690-7
  • Myron Dolot, Les affamés / l'holocauste masqué, Ukraine 1929-1933 (1986), ISBN 2-85956-514-0
  • Chastushka Journal of American folklore, Volume 89 Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1976
  • Fürst, Juliane. Stalin's Last Generation: Soviet Post-War Youth and the Emergence of Mature Socialism Oxford University Press. 30 September 2010. ISBN 978-0-19-957506-0
  • Kowalski, Ludwik. Hell on Earth: Brutality and Violence Under the Stalinist Regime Wasteland Press 30 July 2008. ISBN 978-1-60047-232-9
  • Ammende, Ewald, Human life in Russia, (Cleveland: J.T. Zubal, 1984), Reprint, Originally published: London, England: Allen & Unwin, 1936.
  • The Black Deeds of the Kremlin: a white book, S.O. Pidhainy, Editor-In-Chief, (Toronto: Ukrainian Association of Victims of Russian-Communist Terror, 1953), (Vol. 1 Book of testimonies. Vol. 2. The Great Famine in Ukraine in 1932–1933).
  • Davies, R.W., The Socialist offensive: the collectivization of Soviet agriculture, 1929–1930, (London: Macmillan, 1980).
  • Der ukrainische Hunger-Holocaust: Stalins verschwiegener Volkermond 1932/33 an 7 Millionen ukrainischen Bauern im Spiegel geheimgehaltener Akten des deutschen Auswartigen Amtes, (Sonnebuhl: H. Wild, 1988), By Dmytro Zlepko. [eine Dokumentation, herausgegeben und eingeleitet von Dmytro Zlepko].
  • Luciuk, L. Y. (ed), "Holodomor: Reflections on the Great Famine of 1932–1933 in Soviet Ukraine" (Kingston: Kashtan Press, 200()
  • Dolot, Miron, Who killed them and why?: in remembrance of those killed in the Famine of 1932–1933 in Ukraine, (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, Ukrainian Studies Fund, 1984).
  • Dushnyk, Walter, 50 years ago: the famine holocaust in Ukraine, (New York: Toronto: World Congress of Free Ukrainians, 1983).
  • Famine in the Soviet Ukraine 1932–1933: a memorial exhibition, Widener Library, Harvard University, prepared by Oksana Procyk, Leonid Heretz, James E. Mace (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard College Library, distributed by Harvard University Press, 1986).
  • Famine in Ukraine 1932–33, edited by Roman Serbyn and Bohdan Krawchenko (Edmonton: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, 1986). (Selected papers from a conference held at the Universite du Quebec a Montreal in 1983).
  • The Great Famine in Ukraine: the unknown holocaust: in solemn observance of the Ukrainian famine of 1932–1933, (Compiled and edited by the editors of the Ukrainian Weekly [Roma Hadzewycz, George B. Zarycky, Martha Kolomayets] Jersey City, N.J.: Ukrainian National Association, 1983).
  • Gregorovich, Andrew, “Black Famine in Ukraine 1932–33: A Struggle for Existence”, Forum: A Ukrainian Review, No. 24, (Scranton: Ukrainian Workingmen's Association, 1974).
  • Halii, Mykola, Organized famine in Ukraine, 1932–1933, (Chicago: Ukrainian Research and Information Institute, 1963).
  • Holod na Ukraini, 1932–1933: vybrani statti, uporiadkuvala Nadiia Karatnyts'ka, (New York: Suchasnist', 1985).
  • Hlushanytsia, Pavlo, "Tretia svitova viina Pavla Hlushanytsi == The third world war of Pavlo Hlushanytsia, translated by Vera Moroz, (Toronto: Anabasis Magazine, 1986). [Bilingual edition in Ukrainian and English].
  • Holod 1932-33 rokiv na Ukraini: ochyma istorykiv, movoij dokumentiv, (Kiev: Vydavnytstvo politychnoyi literatury Ukrainy, 1990).
  • Hryshko, Vasyl, The Ukrainian Holocaust of 1933, Edited and translated by Marco Carynnyk, (Toronto: Bahrianyi Foundation, SUZHERO, DOBRUS, 1983).
  • International Commission of Inquiry into the 1932–33 Famine in Ukraine, Proceedings [transcript], May 23–27, 1988, Brussels, Belgium, [Jakob W.F. Sundberg, President; Legal Counsel, World Congress of Free Ukrainians: John Sopinka, Alexandra Chyczij; Legal Council for the Commission, Ian A. Hunter, 1988.
  • International Commission of Inquiry into the 1932–33 Famine in Ukraine. Proceedings [transcript], 21 October – 5 November 1988, New York City, [Jakob W.F. Sundberg, President; Counsel for the Petitioner, William Liber; General Counsel, Ian A. Hunter], 1988.
  • International Commission of Inquiry into the 1932–1933 Famine in Ukraine. Final report, [Jacob W.F. Sundberg, President], 1990. [Proceedings of the International Commission of Inquiry and its Final report are in typescript, contained in 6 vols. Copies available from the World Congress of Free Ukrainians, Toronto].
  • Kalynyk, Oleksa, Communism, the enemy of mankind: documents about the methods and practise of Russian Bolshevik occupation in Ukraine, (London, England: The Ukrainian Youth Association in Great Britain, 1955).
  • Klady, Leonard, “Famine Film Harvest of Despair”, Forum: A Ukrainian Review, No. 61, Spring 1985, (Scranton: Ukrainian Fraternal Association, 1985).
  • Kolektyvizatsia і Holod na Ukraini 1929–1933: Zbirnyk documentiv і materialiv, Z.M. Mychailycenko, E.P. Shatalina, S.V. Kulcycky, eds., (Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1992).
  • Kostiuk, Hryhory, Stalinist rule in Ukraine: a study of the decade of mass terror, 1929–1939, (Munich: Institut zur Erforschung der UdSSSR, 1960).
  • Kovalenko, L.B. & Maniak, B.A., eds., Holod 33: Narodna knyha-memorial, (Kiev: Radians'kyj pys'mennyk, 1991).
  • Krawchenko, Bohdan, Social change and national consciousness in twentieth-century Ukraine, (Basingstoke: Macmillan in association with St. Anthony's College, Oxford, 1985).
  • Luciuk, Lubomyr (and L Grekul), Holodomor: Reflections on the Great Famine of 1932–1933 in Soviet Ukraine (Kashtan Press, Kingston, 2008.)
  • Lettere da Kharkov: la carestia in Ucraina e nel Caucaso del Nord nei rapporti dei diplomatici italiani, 1932–33, a cura di Andrea Graziosi, (Torino: Einaudi, 1991).
  • Mace, James E., Communism and the dilemma of national liberation: national communism in Soviet Ukraine, 1918–1933, (Cambridge, Mass.: Distributed by Harvard University Press for the Ukrainian Research Institute and the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., 1983).
  • Makohon, P., Svidok: Spohady pro 33-ho, (Toronto: Anabasis Magazine, 1983).
  • Martchenko, Borys, La famine-genocide en Ukraine: 1932–1933, (Paris: Publications de l'Est europeen, 1983).
  • Marunchak, Mykhailo H., Natsiia v borot'bi za svoie isnuvannia: 1932 і 1933 v Ukraini і diiaspori, (Winnipeg: Nakl. Ukrains'koi vil'noi akademii nauk v Kanadi, 1985).
  • Memorial, compiled by Lubomyr Y. Luciuk and Alexandra Chyczij; translated into English by Marco Carynnyk, (Toronto: Published by Kashtan Press for Canadian Friends of “Memorial”, 1989). [Bilingual edition in Ukrainian and English. this is a selection of resolutions, aims and objectives, and other documents, pertaining to the activities of the Memorial Society in Ukraine].
  • Mishchenko, Oleksandr, Bezkrovna viina: knyha svidchen', (Kiev: Molod', 1991).
  • Oleksiw, Stephen, The agony of a nation: the great man-made famine in Ukraine, 1932–1933, (London: The National Committee to Commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the Artificial Famine in Ukraine, 1932–1933, 1983).
  • Pavel P. Postyshev, envoy of Moscow in Ukraine 1933–1934, [selected newspaper articles, documents, and sections in books], (Toronto: World Congress of Free Ukrainians, Secretariat, [1988], The 1932–33 Famine in Ukraine research documentation).
  • Pidnayny, Alexandra, A bibliography of the great famine in Ukraine, 1932–1933, (Toronto: New Review Books, 1975).
  • Pravoberezhnyi, Fedir, 8,000,000: 1933-i rik na Ukraini, (Winnipeg: Kultura і osvita, 1951).
  • Senyshyn, Halyna, Bibliohrafia holody v Ukraini 1932–1933, (Ottawa: Montreal: UMMAN, 1983).
  • Solovei, Dmytro, The Golgotha of Ukraine: eye-witness accounts of the famine in Ukraine, compiled by Dmytro Soloviy, (New York: Ukrainian Congress Committee of America, 1953).
  • Stradnyk, Petro, Pravda pro soviets'ku vladu v Ukraini, (New York: N. Chyhyryns'kyi, 1972).
  • Taylor, S.J., Stalin's apologist: Walter Duranty, the New York Time's man in Moscow, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990).
  • The Foreign Office and the famine: British documents on Ukraine and the great famine of 1932–1933, edited by Marco Carynnyk, Lubomyr Y. Luciuk and Bohdan Kor.
  • The man-made famine in Ukraine (Washington D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1984). [Seminar. Participants: Robert Conquest, Dana Dalrymple, James Mace, Michael Nowak].
  • United States, Commission on the Ukraine Famine. Investigation of the Ukrainian Famine, 1932–1933: report to Congress / Commission on the Ukraine Famine, [Daniel E. Mica, Chairman; James E. Mace, Staff Director]. (Washington D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.: For sale by the Supt. of Docs, U.S. G.P.O., 1988), (Dhipping list: 88-521-P).
  • United States, Commission on the Ukrainian Famine. Oral history project of the Commission on the Ukraine Famine, James E. Mace and Leonid Heretz, eds. (Washington, D.C.: Supt. of Docs, U.S. G.P.O., 1990).
  • Velykyi holod v Ukraini, 1932-33: zbirnyk svidchen', spohadiv, dopovidiv ta stattiv, vyholoshenykh ta drukovanykh v 1983 rotsi na vidznachennia 50-littia holodu v Ukraini—The Great Famine in Ukraine 1932–1933: a collection of memoirs, speeches and essays prepared in 1983 in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Famine in Ukraine during 1932–33, [Publication Committee members: V. Rudenko, T. Khokhitva, P. Makohon, F. Podopryhora], (Toronto: Ukrains'ke Pravoslavne Bratstvo Sv. Volodymyra, 1988), [Bilingual edition in Ukrainian and English].
  • Verbyts'kyi, M., Naibil'shyi zlochyn Kremlia: zaplianovanyi shtuchnyi holod v Ukraini 1932–1933 rokiv, (London, England: DOBRUS, 1952).
  • Voropai, Oleksa, V deviatim kruzi, (London, England: Sum, 1953).
  • Voropai, Oleksa, The Ninth Circle: In Commemoration of the Victims of the Famine of 1933, Olexa Woropay; edited with an introduction by James E. Mace, (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University, Ukrainian Studies Fund, 1983).
  • Marco Carynnyk, Lubomyr Luciuk and Bohdan S Kordan, eds, The Foreign Office and the Famine: British Documents on Ukraine and the Great Famine of 1932–1933, foreword by Michael Marrus (Kingston: Limestone Press, 1988)
  • Barbara Falk, Sowjetische Städte in der Hungersnot 1932/33. Staatliche Ernährungspolitik und städtisches Alltagsleben (= Beiträge zur Geschichte Osteuropas 38), Köln: Böhlau Verlag 2005 ISBN 3-412-10105-2
  • Wasyl Hryshko, The Ukrainian Holocaust of 1933, (Toronto: 1983, Bahriany Foundation)
  • Stanislav Kulchytsky, Hennadiy Yefimenko. Демографічні наслідки голодомору 1933 р. в Україні. Всесоюзний перепис 1937 р. в Україні: документи та матеріали (Demographic consequence of Holodomor of 1933 in Ukraine. The all-Union census of 1937 in Ukraine), Kiev, Institute of History, 2003.
  • R. Kusnierz, Ukraina w latach kolektywizacji i Wielkiego Glodu (1929–1933),Torun, 2005
  • Leonard Leshuk, ed., Days of Famine, Nights of Terror: Firsthand Accounts of Soviet Collectivization, 1928–1934 (Kingston: Kashtan Press, 1995)
  • Lubomyr Luciuk, ed., Not Worthy: Walter Duranty's Pulitzer Prize and The New York Times (Kingston: Kashtan Press, 2004)

Referensias

  1. ↑ A setenta años de la gran tragedia del pueblo ucranio. (en lingua kastilyana)
  2. ↑ El genocidio en Ucrania:Por Oleksandr Nykonen. (en lingua kastilyana)
  3. ↑ Ucrania: La mayor catástrofes mundial del Siglo XX provocada por el hombre. (en lingua kastilyana)
  4. ↑ Proposta d’acord relativa al 75è aniversari de l’Holodomor de 1932-1933, Consell General Principat d'Andorra, 26 de noviembre de 2009.
  5. ↑ Resolução do Senado da Argentina (n.º1278/03), Congreso de la Nación Argentina, 26 de djunio de 2003.
  6. ↑ Holocausto Ucraniano é lembrado no Congresso Nacional, Congresso Nacional do Brasil, 22 de septembre de 2007.
  7. ↑ Česká republika uznala ukrajinský hladomor z let 1932-1933, Vesti.cz, 30 de noviembre de 2007.
  8. ↑ Notícias, Embassy of Ukraine in Brazil, 3 de disiembre de 2007.
  9. ↑ Cámara pide recognize hambruna en Ucrania en 1933 , Cámara de Diputados de Chile, 14 de noviembre de 2007.
  10. ↑ Aprueba resolución: Congreso se solidariza con pueblo ucraniano, Congreso Nacional del Ecuador, 30 de oktubre de 2007.
  11. ↑ Ecuador Recognized Holodomor in Ukraine!, Media International Group, 31 de oktubre de 2007.
  12. ↑ Propuesta de resolución de las Cortes Generales de España (No. 161/002237), Cortes Generales de España, 15 de djunio de 2007.
  13. ↑ Congreso honra de victimas de gran hambruna ucraino en su 75 aniversario, Terra Actualidad - Reuters, 30 mayo de 2007.
  14. ↑ Prijali deklaráciu k hladomoru v bývalom Sovietskom zväze, EpochMedia, 13 de disiembre de 2007.
  15. ↑ Slovak Parliament Recognizes Holodomor of 1932-1933 in Former USSR, Including in Ukraine, "Extermination Act, Ukrinform, 13 de disiembre de 2007.
  16. ↑ Resolution of the House of Representatives of the US (H.R. 356), U.S. Government Printing Office, 20 de oktubre de 2003
  17. ↑ Proclamation 5273 — Commemoration of the Great Famine in the Ukraine, The American Presidency Project, 30 de oktubre de 1984.
  18. ↑ The Statement of the President of the Republic, March 7, 2005, Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 7 de marso de 2005.
  19. ↑ Parliament of Estonia, Ukrainian World Congress, 31 de oktubre de 2006.
  20. ↑ a b c d e Holodomor Genocide Resolutions
  21. ↑ Resolution of the Parlement of Georgia, Parlement of Georgia, 20 de disiembre de 2005.
  22. ↑ Georgia recognizes Holodomor as genocide, 5tv, 3 de jenero de 2006.
  23. ↑ Georgian leader praises ties with Ukraine, upbeat on NATO - BBC, Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1 de marso de 2007.
  24. ↑ Resolution of the Senate of Canada, Sénat du Canada / Senate of Canada, 19 de djunio de 2003 (p. 995).
  25. ↑ Columbia declares Holodomor an act of genocide, Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union, 25 de disiembre de 2007.
  26. ↑ Risoluzione della Camera dei deputati d'Italia (n.º 7/0038), Camera dei Deputati, 3 de jenero de 2004.
  27. ↑ Risoluzioni in Commissione, Atti Parlamentari - Camera dei Deputati, XIV Legislatura - Allegato B ai Resoconti - Seduta del 1.º Marzo 2004 (1 de marso de 2004).
  28. ↑ Resolution of the Latvian Sejm, Ukrainian World Congress, 13 de marso de 2008.
  29. ↑ Latvian Sejm adopted Declaration on Soviet Repressions in Ukraine in 1932-1933 and recognized Holodomor as genocide of Ukrainian people, The National Radio Company of Ukraine, 13 de marso 2008.
  30. ↑ Resolution of the Seimas of Lithuania, Seimas (Parliament) of the Republic of Lithuania, 24 de noviembre de 2005.
  31. ↑ Lithuanian Seimas recognizes Ukraine’s Holodomor as genocide, 5tv, 24 de noviembre de 2005.
  32. ↑ Speech by President of the Republic of Lithuania Valdas Adamkus - 62nd Session of the United Nations General Assembly, Office of the President of the Republic of Lithuania, 26 de septembre de 2007.
  33. ↑ Resolution of the National Assembly of Hungary (n.º 129/2003), National Assembly of Hungary, 24 de noviembre de 2003.
  34. ↑ Hungarian National Assembly Adopts A Resolution Recognizing The 1932-33 Great Ukrainian Famine As A Genocide, The Great Famine-Genocide in Soviet Ukraine (Holodomor), 28 de noviembre de 2003.
  35. ↑ Notícias, Embassy of Ukraine in Brazil, 26 de fevrero de 2008.
  36. ↑ Mexiko erkannte ukrainische Hungersnotkatastrophe Holodomor 1932-1933 als Völkermord, NCRU, 22 de fevrero de 2008.
  37. ↑ Resolution of the Senate of Australia (No. 680), Senate of Australia, 30 de oktubre de 2003.
  38. ↑ News - October 25, 2007, Ukrainian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 25 de oktubre de 2007.
  39. ↑ Solidaridad para con el pueblo ucraniano, Honorable Cámara de Senadores de Paraguay, 22 de noviembre de 2007.
  40. ↑ Movimiento del Congreso del Perú, Ukrainian World Congress, 5 de djulio de 2007.
  41. ↑ Peru’s parliament passes Resolution acknowledging Holodomor as an act of genocide, Human Rights in Ukraine, 5 de djulio de 2007.
  42. ↑ Resolution of the Sejm of Poland (n.º 90 S), Sejm (Parliament) of the Republic of Poland, 17 de marso de 2006.
  43. ↑ Polish Senate stands up for recognition of famine in Ukraine as genocide act, Web-portal of the Ukrainian Government, 17 de marso de 2006.
  44. ↑ Polish parliament blames Soviet regime for Ukraine Great Famine, UNIAN News Agency, 7 de disiembre de 2006.
  45. ↑ Meeting of the Holy Father with representatives of World Politics, Culture, Science and Industry, Official Site of the Holy See, 23 de djunio de 2001.
  46. ↑ Message of Pope John Paul II, Official Site of the Holy See, 23 de noviembre de 2003.
  47. ↑ P. U. Declares the 1932-1933 Famine "An Act of Genocide" and a "Deliberate Terrorist Act of the Stalinist Political System", Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) declares the famine of 1932-1933 "an act of genocide" (Holodomor), 19 de mayo de 2003.
  48. ↑ Verkhovna Rada passes Law declaring Holodomor genocide, maidan.org.ua, Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine) adopts a law declaring the Holodomor as genocide, 28 de noviembre de 2003.
  49. ↑ Rada passes bill recognizing the Holodomor as genocide, The Ukrainian Weekly, by Zenon Zawada, No. 49, Vol. LXXIV, 3 de disiembre de 2006.
  50. ↑ President proposes Holodomor bill, Official Site of the President of Ukraine, 23 de marso de 2007.
  51. ↑ En relasion, vease la doktrina de Goebbels, kalifikada komo la gran mentira, inspirada en su frase "una mentira, repetida mil vezes, se konvierte en una verdad"
  52. ↑ CONQUEST, Robert; The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine, Oxford University Press (1987), ISBN 0-19-505180-7, p. 308, Disponible online (en lingua inglesa)

Atamientos eksternos

Commons Klika akí para ver las imajes de Commons ensima de Holodomor.


Mapa El numero de los payizes ke ofisialmente rekonosen el Holodomor komo djenosidio Ukraina

Andorra, Arjentina, Brasil, Repuvlika Cheka, Chile, Ekuador, Eslovakia, Espanya, Estonia, Estatos Unitos d'Amerika, Georgia, Italia, Kanada, Kolombia, Letonia, Lituania, Madjaristan, Meksiko, Ostralya, Paraguay, Peru, Polonia, Sivdad del Vatikano, Ukraina

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